Development and research of structures of dies for dividing profiles of complex configuration into dimensional blanks

Abstract

Aliiev I. S., Markov O. E., Karnaukh S. G. Development and research of structures of dies for dividing profiles of complex configuration into dimensional blanks

The purpose of this work is to develop promising designs of die equipment, in which a two-support scheme for shearing workpieces of a complex asymmetric configuration and a front stop to this die is implemented. Based on literature and patent searches, it was determined that the most promising of all schemes for dividing a rod with a U-shaped asymmetric profile into dimensional blanks is a multi-support cutting scheme, namely, a two-support scheme. The use of a two-bearing scheme for parting off by a shift makes it possible to double the productivity of the parting process. A feature of the two-support scheme is that the first and second workpieces are in unequal stress-strain states during cutting. The first workpiece is divided along one interface, and the second - along two separation surfaces with a two-support symmetrical placement of the part to be cut. The first workpiece has the worst indicators of geometric accuracy, and the second one has the best indicators of geometric accuracy and the quality of the workpiece as a whole. That is, a symmetrical load eliminates the bending of the cut blanks, ensures that the blank is pressed against the knife, eliminates the need for transverse clamping, and improves the geometric accuracy of the blanks. The process of separating a rod with a U-shaped asymmetric profile into measured blanks according to the scheme of a two-support segment by shear using a specialized software package DEFORM 3D, as well as experimental studies on modeling the process of separating blanks from a modeling material - plasticine, was carried out. The results of the studies carried out confirmed the effectiveness of the use of a two-bearing shear cutting scheme, which ensures a satisfactory quality of the obtained workpieces. A workpiece cut according to a symmetrical loading scheme has a higher quality. The main problem with such dies is that the first cut blank can be removed from the working area of ​​the die by pushing the rod. In this case, the stop, synchronously with the movement of the upper movable knife to the lowest position, must return to its original position, synchronously with the return of the upper knife to its original position. For this, four promising designs of the stop to the die were developed for separating workpieces according to the scheme of two-bearing segments by shear, which provide synchronous operation of the stop with the work of the die itself. The proposed designs provide reliable operation of the front stop of the die and improve the culture of production. The results of the work can be used in blank production when separating long products into cut-to-length blanks.