Stamping of rare metal as a method for producing precision parts

Abstract

Liutyi R., Feorov M., Dyachenko Yu., Kocheshkov A. Stamping of rare metal as a method for producing precision parts

Modern technological processes for manufacturing metal parts include plastic deformation of workpieces in a hot or cold state, casting of metals and alloys, powder metallurgy, etc. These methods have their own advantages, disadvantages, and limitations depending on the type of alloy and technological conditions of production. Plastic deformation of metals allows you to change the shape and dimensions of parts without destruction, improve mechanical properties (stability, strength), reduce surface roughness and increase the durability of products, which makes this technological process indispensable in mechanical engineering and metalworking. However, a significant disadvantage of metal processing by pressure is low yield, which is due to the need to assign increased allowances for mechanical processing and, accordingly, the subsequent removal of a large amount of metal on metal-cutting machines. For example, the utilization rate of non-ferrous metal in stamping production is 30% or even less. Stamping of parts from liquid metal, being a progressive technological process of their manufacture, in some cases successfully solves the problem of improving the quality of products, allows to get rid of a number of shortcomings inherent in other methods of manufacturing parts of complex configuration. Compared to injection molding, the advantage of stamping from liquid metal is that this method allows to obtain parts of complex profile almost without pores and sinks. This progressive technological process combines the advantages of both foundry production (use of liquid metal and filling it with the required form) and stamping (use of high pressure and special stamping equipment). Stamping from liquid metal allows to obtain dense metal products of complex configuration with reduced allowances for mechanical processing, with a yield of suitable metal up to 95%, with high physical and mechanical and operational properties. The accuracy of the blanks corresponds to 11-12 qualities, and the surface roughness Ra is 2.5...5 microns. In some cases, parts obtained by stamping from liquid metal are used in machines and devices without further processing. This technology can potentially combine the advantages of casting and stamping production, avoiding some disadvantages. The work performed is characterized by a theoretical orientation. The main goal is to study the conditions of crystallization of metals and alloys under the action of high and ultra-high pressure forces and the features of the formation of grain structure and mechanical properties. The results obtained: establishing the features of the structure formation of stamped-cast parts, as well as determining the influence of pressure on the parameters of crystallization of metals and alloys; determining the optimal size and mass groups of parts for their manufacture by the method of stamping liquid metal, as well as establishing the most suitable casting alloys for the industrial production of stamped-cast parts.